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Probation Revocation is NOT a hearsay “free-for-all”

Texas DWI, Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, DWI ProbationIt is particularly accepted that that the rules of evidence do not apply to probation revocation hearings in Texas. This is a dangerous practice when it comes to people’s liberty. Courts are starting to push back against this practice, but many issues still exist when it comes to probation revocation proceedings.

Torres v. State

Facts

A recent case out of the 1st district of Houston is hopefully a step in the right direction. In Torres v. State, No. 01-18-01074-CR (Tex. App.-Houston [1st Dist.] Dec. 22, 2020), the Prosecution moved to revoke Defendant’s probation for failing to “successfully complete” the SAFP program. One of the primary problems with this revocation is that it was based on the testimony of a SAFP coordinator and a discharge report that did not state any specific violations, but merely stated that Defendant had committed “rule violations”. Furthermore, the testimony of the SAFP coordinator was based on information relayed to him and not on his personal knowledge of the “violations” alleged. In addition, a records custodian with no personal knowledge authenticated Defendant’s probation records.

Confrontation and Authentication in Probation Revocation

The opinion largely focuses on the issue of whether the conclusory statement of general “rule violations” provides sufficient basis for revoking probation. However, as you can see above, there are also issues of authentication and confrontation. Luckily, the Houston court assumed that there was a confrontation right in probation revocation proceedings, even though there is no clear precedent supporting that assumption.

The closest precedent, used by the Houston Court, came in Ex Parte Doan where the Court of Criminal Appeals held that the rules of confrontation apply to probation revocation proceedings. In other words, the court held that a probation revocation is a judicial, not administrative, process. The court did not speak further on the confrontation issue, and the Court of Criminal Appeals has not yet heard another case involving Confrontation in probation revocation proceedings to clarify its holding. Regardless, the Houston court did not deep-dive into the Confrontation issue or the authentication issue.

Fortunately, the concurrence in Torres focused primarily on the Confrontation issue. Justice Keyes believes Doan overrules any case saying that there is no Confrontation right in probation revocation. He also briefly touches upon the hearsay issue by saying that the discharge report is double hearsay despite the business records predicate.

Hearsay and Due Process in Probation Revocation

On the main issue, the Houston court held that there must be a specific basis to support revocation. In other words, testimony and reports with general, conclusory statements are not enough. There must be facts supporting those statements, and there must be some personal knowledge of the bases for the statements. Due Process still exists in probation revocation proceedings. The court must determine that the the reason for revocation is legitimate. Courts must do this “to ensure [discretion] was used on a basis that was rational and connected to the purposes of [revocation]”. Leonard v. State, 385 S.W.3d 570 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012). Under the facts of Torres, no specific basis for discharge from SAFP existed in the discharge report. Further, the SAFP coordinator knew nothing about the specific bases for discharge.

Score One for Justice for All Texans on Probation!

More about Mimi Coffey & The Coffey Firm

When people look for a Top DWI Attorney or Best DWI Attorney, they look for experience, certification, and respect in the legal community. Mimi Coffey is a nationally-renowned trial attorney, board-certified in DWI by the NCDD. She has been practicing for over 24 years and is an author of multiple DWI Defense textbooks. She is also a national and state-wide lecturer on the law.

The Coffey Firm handles a wide variety of cases, including Unlawful Carrying Weapon (UCW), Assault (including family violence), and Possession charges. We can also help you try to get a DWI off your record or avoid probation revocation.

Mimi is also listed on several “top criminal lawyer near me” directory listings such as DWI Lawyers for Wise County, DWI Lawyer Tarrant CountyDWI attorney Dallas County, DWI attorneys Collin County and DWI attorneys Parker County. Mimi is a caring DWI Lawyer in DFW, She is also involved in the Texas Tech School of Law foundation and enjoys using the skills she has developed to give back to the community.

Questions About Texas DWI and DWI related Probation Revocations

Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, Texas DWIOh no! I Screwed Up My Texas DWI Probation! What Can I Do?

I failed my interlock device. Am I going to jail?

What will happen to me on Texas DWI probation if I test positive for alcohol on my drug test? (Assuming no alcohol is a condition of probation)

How long does it take after you have a drink to pass a drug test for alcohol?

These are all very common questions for someone who is on Texas DWI probation.  Chances are if you are reading this, you may be facing a DWI probation revocation. Please call us immediately so that we can figure out the necessary steps before any further damage occurs. You should NEVER hide information from your probation officer, but we advise that you speak with us immediately before calling your probation officer.

What is a DWI probation revocation?

After you are placed on probation for a DWI, you are legally obligated to comply with all the terms and conditions of probation. This generally includes a substance abuse assessment, DWI classes, reporting, paying of fees, community service and avoiding additional arrests. Anytime there is a violation of your probation conditions, you risk jail or prison if the prosecution files a motion to revoke. However, to be legally terminated from probation, there must be a probation revocation. There are often many alternatives to a probation revocation. We, at the Coffey Firm, will guide you through this process and do the best we can to come to the best resolution.

What are common reasons to revoke a Texas DWI probation?

There are many north Texas counties that do not allow any consumption of alcohol while on probation: e.g. Denton, Collin, and Johnson Counties. There is generally drug testing for alcohol when there is a no alcohol condition.  It is not uncommon for someone on DWI probation to test positive for alcohol at some point. Another source of common probation violations is an alcohol reading on an interlock, in home or SCRAM device. The most severe probation violation is picking up a new offense. It is particularly serious when it is a new DWI charge.

Not all probation issues end up with a motion to revoke. Probation officers do have some discretion. It is very important to call our office before speaking with your probation officer so that we can advise you of the best approach to take. Anything you say can and will be used against you in court.

How will I know when I am in trouble?Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, Texas DWI, Texas DWI Probation

Most people meet with their probation officers once a month. Before the meeting, the probation officer will do a criminal check. However, if there is an alcohol violation from a device (interlock, in home, SCRAM), the provider generally reports to the court right away. The court in turn notifies the probation officer, district attorney and defense lawyer. Interlock violations are not discovered until the device is taken in for monthly calibrations. In home and SCRAM violations are discoverable immediately and generally have a one day turn around before the courts are notified by the provider. If you think the device is in error, please contact the provider immediately for quick resolution.

The best thing to do is to call our office and we will assess the situation and make a recommendation. We understand that this is a stressful time and can cause you to lose sleep at night. Sometimes this involves us getting involved right away, other times we must patiently wait.

Should I hire a lawyer for my Texas DWI probation revocation?

Contact our office and we will assess where you are in the process. There are very rare occasions where seeking our intervention is not necessary. If you are fortunate, a probation officer may just give you a warning. It is still very important that you know what your options are. Once you sign an amendment to your conditions, there is (generally speaking) no turning back.  Most serious violations result in a revocation. It is critical at this point to have representation. We get a bond set for you and start working on damage control and options. Courts assume you are a law breaker when you don’t satisfactorily comply with the judge’s orders. Courts take quicker action on probation revocations.

Warning! Be Prepared When Going to Your Probation Officer

Your probation officer is NOT your friend. Sometimes when there is a violation of probation the probation officer will say “Sign right here to these new probation conditions or I am going to arrest you right now and who knows when you can bond out.” We get phone calls from people that regret their decision to agree to new conditions without consulting us. Unfortunately, once you legally bind yourself to new conditions, there is generally no turning back. A judge must sign a warrant. When the prosecution files a motion to revoke, they will then issue a warrant.  If the police arrest you at your probation visit, we will approach the judge about setting a bond. Once you bond out, we set about in handling your case.  DO NOT BE SCARED INTO DOING SOMETHING THAT YOU WILL REGRET.

What are the options for a Texas DWI probation violation?

  1. Warning
  2. Preliminary amendment to probation (does not involve a filing of a motion to revoke probation or getting a bond)
  3. A motion to revoke probation. This necessitates our law firm setting a bond with the judge. Most probation violation warrants have a “no bond” hold.
  4. Disposition of a motion to revoke a DWI probation can range from:
    1. Dismissal of the motion to revoke petition
    2. Dismissal of the motion to revoke petition with agreed upon additional conditions (may or may not involve jail or prison time)
    3. Revocation and dismissal from probation. This generally reinstates the probated punishment, which is generally prison or jail time. For example, if you have 90 days of jail time probated for 1 year, then a revocation would mean serving those 90 days in jail.

In a DWI probation revocation matter, the State often resorts to state sanctioned “rehab” facilities that are really jail or prison sentences. This means incarceration in county jail or state prison as an inmate and a requirement to attend counseling classes. We at the Coffey Firm do not believe that jails or prisons are the best environments to conduct substance abuse counseling where other alternatives are available.  The Judge is ultimately in control of what will happen; however, we will do everything we can to get the possible resolution of your case.

The Legal Process of a Texas DWI Probation Revocation

Once a potential violation has occurred, it is critical for us to advise you and assess the issues as early on in the process as possible.  We will make a recommendation at that point.  We may advise and direct that you obtain a hair sample or additional drug tests at private facilities (if there is a disputed violation). In other words, we advise damage control measures. If the state files a motion to revoke, we will approach the judge about setting a bond. Mimi will obtain your probation history (“chronos”) via order of the judge and will go over this and your probation experiences in a full case evaluation.

We will represent you in court and speak on your behalf to the court, prosecutor, and court probation officer. It may be necessary for us to contact your field probation officer. We will make recommendations that are in your best interest and go over all options. If there are no options acceptable to you, we will discuss the choice of having a contested probation revocation hearing to let the judge decide. We will guide you through this whole process as we attempt to get the possible resolution of your case.

Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, Texas DWIFinal Considerations

There are consequences to a revoked DWI probation. For example, a first time DWI probation can result in an additional license suspension. There are very serious consequences to a revoked felony DWI probation. Every prison sentence served counts toward a habitual sentence (25 year to life). We want you to know that we care very much that you make it through this in the best possible way.  Now is not the time to throw in the towel. Now, more than ever, it is time to take productive measures to address the situation and move forward positively.

Although you may in large part be at the mercy of the court, you are responsible for making the best out of the situation here and now and we are here to help. Everyone makes mistakes. What matters is how we respond. The Coffey Firm is here to do the best we can to getting you back to your best self, for your sake and the sake of everyone else. Nothing is ever a lost cause. Don’t give up. Give us a call quickly so we can fix this situation. Mimi has experienced everything from a simple phone call to a probation officer that handled the situation to full-blown contested probation revocations. Most importantly, know that Mimi cares and will fight for you.

More about Mimi Coffey

When people look for a Top DWI Attorney or Best DWI Attorney, they look for experience, certification, and respect in the legal community. Mimi Coffey is a nationally-renowned trial attorney, board-certified in DWI by the NCDD. She has been practicing for over 24 years and is an author of multiple DWI Defense textbooks. She is also a national and state-wide lecturer on the law.

The Coffey Firm handles a wide variety of cases, including Unlawful Carrying Weapon (UCW), Assault (including family violence), Theft and Possession charges. We can also help you try to seal your record.

Mimi is also listed on several “top” directory listings such as DWI Lawyers for Wise County, DWI Lawyer Tarrant County, DWI Lawyer Dallas County, DWI Lawyer Collin County and DWI Lawyer Parker County. Mimi is a caring DWI Lawyer in DFW, She is also involved in the Texas Tech School of Law foundation and enjoys using the skills she has developed to give back to the community.

Probation Revocation

Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, Texas ProbationOh no! I Screwed Up My Probation! What Do I Do?

A probation revocation is a very serious legal issue. Often, it is more serious than getting the original charge. There are typically more options available when the original charge is pending. With a probation revocation, the options are much more limited. The case situation is far more serious as the judge, prosecutor, and probation officer view a revocation as a defiance of court orders. The first thing to do is to call our office.  It is imperative that we speak with you before you speak with your probation officer. Anything and everything you say to your probation officer can and will be used against you. Call our office and we will advise you of the next proper steps to take.

Can I hire The Coffey Firm for my Probation Revocation?

At the Coffey Firm, we view your case as ongoing even after it is over.  We encourage all of our clients to call us with any questions they may have.  These can range from, “My probation officer won’t let me go on vacation” to “Do you think I can get my probation officer to put me on mail-in probation?” We are here to help you throughout the entire process.

Now, when there is a problem, it is critical to call us. Texas probation revocations are very serious matters. Texas assumes that you are a law breaker when you don’t satisfactorily comply with the judge’s orders. This is a very serious matter. Texas probation revocations tend to be more serious than the original charge. There is always a question of guilt/innocence when an arrest occurs. The benefit of the doubt goes away once put on probation. Courts interpret failure to live up to probation terms as defiance of court orders and conditions. Courts take quicker action on probation revocations. They view probationers not in compliance more dangerously. Texas probation revocations are very serious charges.

What is a probation revocation?

A probation revocation means that a citizen on probation has violated the terms and conditions of their probation. Even a person on a non-reporting, mail in, or call in probation is considered to have their probation violated when a condition is broken. It is not unusual on lesser grade offenses, such as driving while license suspended, to have non-reporting probation. Also, it is not unusual for someone on misdemeanor probation to transition to mail in or call in probation upon completing half their probationary term.

There are legal ramifications in addition to punishment that occur as a result of probation revocation. For example, a DWI probation revocation may result in an additional license suspension for a first time DWI offender.

What kind of actions will cause my probation to be revoked?

A probation revocation can result from something as simple as picking up a non-moving class C ticket (e.g. public intoxication). They are more commonly filed when a probationer fails to fulfill conditions, such as fails to report to probation, fails a drug or alcohol test, or fails to complete community service or mandated classes and counseling. Picking up a new charge definitely results in a motion to revoke probation.

What is the process for a probation revocation?

Terms of probation typically require probationers to report any violations or arrests to their probation officers. Probation officers routinely screen public data resources to verify their probationers are in compliance. When not, a probation officer will make a decision as to offer a punishment (a voluntary amendment to the probation) or file a motion to revoke probation. Either way, it is very important that you call our office immediately to discuss your options.

Once the prosecutor files a motion to revoke, it will be necessary for us to get a bond set. The unfortunate part is that this also means that spending some time in jail may be necessary until the judge sets bond. Otherwise, a probationer may be picked up and languish in jail while the court resolves the revocation. Probation revocations are routinely accompanied by “no bond” directions with an arrest warrant. It is very common for a probationer to report to probation and be arrested once a violation has occurred. Please call our office immediately so we can avoid as much inconvenience as possible in this process.

Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, Texas ProbationWill I go to jail for a probation revocation?

Unless handled as an “amendment” (which often still results in jail), there will be a mandatory jail process in order to post a bond. There are two major options when faced with a criminal charge: probation or incarceration. Jail or prison is a very realistic possibility in a probation revocation. It is therefore very necessary to call our office as soon as possible to discuss the best options. A common solution advocated by the probation officer and prosecutor once a they file a probation revocation is to disguise jail or prison as “rehab”. It is imperative that we meet with you as soon as possible to minimize the damage and provide more alternatives if possible. Mistakes happen. It is our goal to get you the best possible resolution.

What is the bond process for a probation revocation?

The first thing  we advise our clients to do is to call us when there is a problem so we can give tailored advice to the exact scenario. Every probation violation is unique.  Sometimes, it may be possible for our office to handle the situation with a phone call to discuss options with the probation officer. Otherwise, we will need to contact the probation officer to find out when there will be a warrant. Upon issuing a warrant, it will be necessary to contact both the prosecutor and judge to get a bond set. More than likely, the court will set a bond that includes added bond conditions. This can range from additional pre-trial reporting to requiring a SCRAM bracelet (alcohol monitoring) or GPS monitoring.

Courts tend to move a lot quicker on revocations than on the original case. Judges do not like to have pending probation revocations on their docket. They want them finalized as soon as possible. Judges consider these dangerous cases. Judges fear the actions of a probationer that cannot abide by conditions. For example, the Weatherford, Texas deaths of five young high school girls occurred by someone on DWI probation who could not stop drinking and driving intoxicated. Please understand that we offer limited options on payment plans for probation revocations for this purpose. These cases, by their nature, move quickly per order of the judge.

What can The Coffey Firm do for my probation revocation?

Our firm must be alerted as soon as there is a problem so that we can gather the facts and best assess the correct course of action. We need to understand the circumstances of the violation. We need to investigate to see if there is an actual violation. For example, what one probation officer may interpret as failed alcohol readings on an interlock, may not in fact be a violation. It is often necessary that we independently order interlock or in-home records, or seek more specific information on drug or alcohol tests that were given. We discuss your case with the probation officer, prosecutor and judge.

On full-blown probation revocations, it is necessary that we get the judge to order a release of the probation “chronos” (chronological history) and go over this with you so that we can fully understand the history, actions previously taken, and any possible miscommunications or misunderstandings. We will be giving you a recommendation as to actions that you can take privately and independently that may satisfy the court and prosecutor or mitigate damages.

What are my options?Mimi Coffey DWI Lawyer, Texas Probation

The options for a probation revocation are all over the map. They range from complete dismissal of the revocation to prison and everything in between. Mimi has 25 years experience dealing with probation revocations of all different types of charges. In her experience, she has seen probation revocation matters disposed of without motions to revoke filed. She has also seen revocations completely dismissed (which are generally accompanied by a resolution agreed to by all parties).

If you messed up while being on probation, do not throw in the towel. Now, more than ever, it is time to take productive measures to address the situation and positively moved forward. Although you may be at the mercy of the court, you are responsible for making the best out of the situation and we are here to help.  Everyone makes mistakes. What matters is how we respond. We, at the Coffey Firm, are here to do the best we can to getting you back to your best self, for your sake and the sake of everyone else. Nothing is ever a lost cause. Don’t give up. Give us a call quickly so we can fix this situation. Mimi has fixed thousands  just like yours, if not worse.

More about Mimi Coffey

When people look for a Top DWI Attorney or Best DWI Attorney, they look for experience, certification, and respect in the legal community. Mimi Coffey is a nationally-renowned trial attorney, board-certified in DWI by the NCDD. She has been practicing for over 24 years and is an author of multiple DWI Defense textbooks. She is also a national and state-wide lecturer on the law.

The Coffey Firm handles a wide variety of cases, including Unlawful Carrying Weapon (UCW), Assault (including family violence), Theft and Possession charges.

Mimi is also listed on several “top” directory listings such as DWI Lawyers for Wise County, DWI Lawyer Tarrant County, DWI attorney Dallas County, DWI attorneys Collin County and DWI attorneys Parker County. Mimi is a caring DWI Lawyer in DFW, She is also involved in the Texas Tech School of Law foundation and enjoys using the skills she has developed to give back to the community.